Future of Exploration | Future of Humanity Report

4.1 Introduction

Exploration as Mirror of Humanity

Exploration has always been a signature of humanity. It is how we meet the unknown, how we learn from each other and how we test the limits of our bodies, our technologies and our imagination.

Today, this impulse is facing a new landscape: geopolitical tension that restricts movement, climate pressure that limits travel, inequality that decides who is allowed to explore and technological systems that can either expand or replace direct experience.

The key question of the coming decades is not only where we go, but how we show up as humans while we explore, on Earth and in space.

Core framing: If we send our best to space, we also need to become our best here in reality. The future of exploration is about aligning freedom, curiosity and responsibility.

4.2 Challenges

Fractured Pathways, Fragile Planet

The challenges named in this chapter are organised into four lenses: mindsets & human psyche; information, knowledge & power; data, privacy & agency; and systems, structures & culture.

Geopolitical barriers to movement

Systems & access
Geopolitical tensions, border regimes and security concerns restrict who can travel, where and under which conditions.

Exploration becomes a privilege shaped by passports, politics and power rather than a shared human possibility.

Lack of resources and political will

Systems & access
Many regions lack money, infrastructure or political support for travel, research and cultural exchange.

Exploration demands funding, tools and time. Where these are missing, curiosity is present but cannot be expressed.

Costs versus ignorance

Systems & psyche
Society struggles to balance the financial and ecological cost of travel against the dangers of not knowing and not connecting.

Choosing not to explore can protect resources in the short term, but can also leave blind spots that harm future generations.

Climate pressure on travel

Systems & climate
Climate change makes long distance travel ethically and logistically complex, especially air travel and mass tourism.

The impulse to explore collides with the need to reduce emissions and protect fragile ecosystems.

Mass tourism and cultural erosion

Systems & culture
Overcrowded destinations and extraction focused tourism models risk destroying local cultures, nature and ways of life.

Entire regions become backdrops for other people’s holidays rather than places where communities can thrive.

Purpose crisis of exploration

Mindsets & culture
The question Why explore is becoming sharper. Is travel about status, cheap holidays or genuine learning and connection.

Without a clear intention, exploration risks becoming another form of consumption instead of a source of transformation.

Exploration for ego

Mindsets & culture
Expeditions, achievements and even space missions can be driven more by ego and competition than by service and collective learning.

When exploration becomes a stage for individual glory, the quality of what we discover and how we share it is compromised.

Inequality of access

Systems & society
Exploration is often limited to a narrow segment of the population, shaped by money, class, geography and education.

Many people have the desire to explore but lack visas, income, time or safety to do so. Space for all remains an unrealised promise.

Risk of exploitation and extraction

Systems & culture
Exploration can reproduce colonial patterns, where landscapes, cultures and people are treated as resources rather than partners.

Without conscious design, exploration repeats histories of exploitation instead of writing new stories of reciprocity.

Mediated exploration through screens

Mindsets & technology
AI, VR and immersive media can make it easier to stay at home and consume experiences instead of visiting real places and people in person.

Virtual exploration can educate and inspire, but it can also disconnect us from the sensory, relational and unpredictable aspects of reality.

Limited and biased datasets

Information & data
Information systems are built on incomplete and biased data. Gaps in knowledge affect how we plan travel, research and planetary futures.

Missing stories, missing cultures and missing perspectives distort what we believe is worth exploring and protecting.

Colonialisation of space

Systems & space
Extension of colonial logics into orbit and beyond risks turning planets, moons and orbits into contested territories for resource extraction and dominance.

The same patterns that harmed Earth could be copied into the wider cosmos if governance does not evolve.

Space debris and orbital artifacts

Systems & space
Orbits around Earth are already crowded with debris and unused artifacts that threaten future missions and safety.

Cleanup is technically complex and expensive. It raises questions about responsibility and who pays for past actions.

Limits of humanity and transhuman questions

Mindsets & space
Space exploration confronts the limits of human bodies and minds. Proposals for transhuman or posthuman explorers raise deep ethical questions.

Who counts as human, who is allowed to leave the planet and what does dignity mean in extreme environments are all open questions.

Erosion of curiosity and open mindedness

Mindsets & psyche
Information overload, fear and polarization can shut down curiosity. People feel less safe asking questions or stepping outside their comfort zone.

Without curiosity and open mindedness there is no true exploration, only repetition of what we already know.

Tip: Use the filters above to explore challenges through the lenses of mindsets & human psyche, information & power, data & agency, and systems, structures & culture.

4.3 Solutions

Pathways Toward Conscious, Shared Exploration

These solutions are organised into five pathways: mindsets & inner capacities; education, skills & literacy; community, culture & collaboration; design, technology & innovation; and systems, governance & infrastructure.

Be a good human first

Mindsets & values
Place integrity, empathy and responsibility at the center of how we move through the world, on Earth and beyond.

Exploration that starts from care and respect will naturally protect people, culture and planet better than exploration driven by ego alone.

Expand consciousness

Mindsets & inner work
Treat exploration as both an outer and inner journey. Support practices that deepen self awareness, courage and ethical reflection.

The more conscious we are, the more wisely we can choose where, how and why we explore.

Create viral communities of curiosity

Community & culture
Build communities online and offline that celebrate questions, learning and exploration of reality rather than only status and consumption.

Curiosity spreads when people see others exploring with joy, humility and openness.

Design sustainable travel technologies

Design & planet
Invest in cleaner airplanes, affordable trains, low emission mobility and solar powered infrastructure that make exploration compatible with climate care.

The goal is not to stop moving, but to move in ways that protect the planet that makes all journeys possible.

Educate for conscious travel

Education & values
Teach people that travel is not only about relaxation and cheap holidays, but about learning, humility and connection to different cultures and ecosystems.

Simple tools, guides and stories can shift expectations from consuming a place to being a respectful guest and learner.

Everyday exploration practices

Community & skills
Encourage people to talk to strangers, take public transport, learn a few words in another language, read maps and observe with attention wherever they are.

Exploration does not require a plane ticket. It can start on the way to work, in a local park or on a bus route that is new to you.

Revisit the world like a child

Mindsets & perception
Invite people to see familiar places as if for the first time, with fresh senses, questions and imagination.

This mindset keeps curiosity alive even when travel is limited by money, time or climate concerns.

Increase free time for exploration

Systems & society
Use increased productivity and automation to reduce working hours, creating more time for travel, learning and community based exploration projects.

Exploration becomes part of a healthy life pattern instead of an occasional escape.

Train and unleash curiosity

Education & mindset
Design education and training programs that treat curiosity as a skill, not a luxury, and that invite children and adults to explore across disciplines and cultures.

Transdisciplinary, playful and inquiry based learning can prepare people for a lifetime of gentle, intelligent exploration.

Cultural appreciation and storytelling

Community & media
Use social media, TV, radio and live formats to share stories that highlight the beauty, complexity and dignity of different cultures and ecosystems.

Storytelling can make exploration accessible to those who cannot travel, and can also prepare travellers to act with more respect when they do.

Involve children and families

Community & education
Invite children and families into exploration projects, local exchanges and global learning experiences, online and offline.

When exploration becomes a shared family value, it is more likely to be passed to the next generation as a way of living rather than a rare exception.

Enable exploration without harming the environment

Design & planet
Encourage forms of travel and experience design that protect nature, support local communities and use renewable energy such as solar power wherever possible.

Regenerative tourism, slow travel and place based learning can replace extractive and rushed patterns.

Central bodies to protect shared resources

Systems & governance
Establish international bodies that protect natural, cultural and orbital resources so that future generations can still see, learn from and inhabit them.

These guardians can coordinate cleanup of space debris and regulation of sensitive ecosystems, including oceans and heritage sites.

Align space ambitions with Earth responsibility

Mindsets & space
Ask a simple but powerful question: If we send our best to space, how do we ensure we also act as our best here on Earth.

Space exploration can become a mirror that reminds us to heal and upgrade our behaviour in everyday life and in our systems.

Live and learn in space

Design & community
Treat living in space stations or future planetary habitats as laboratories for new forms of cooperation, culture and ethics, not only as technical experiments.

Insights from space life can inform how we organise cities, communities and relationships back on Earth.

Explore underwater and other overlooked frontiers

Design & planet
Expand exploration from outer space to the oceans, polar regions and other under explored ecosystems that hold vital clues for planetary survival and wonder.

The unknown is not only above us. It is below and around us, often closer than we think.

Worldwide collaboration and de escalation

Systems & diplomacy
Use joint exploration missions and shared cultural programs as tools of public diplomacy and peace building across borders.

Cooperation instead of competition in space and on Earth can reduce the risk of conflict and open space for shared solutions.

Tip: Filter by mindsets, education, community, design or systems to explore different levers for a more regenerative exploration future.

4.4 Path Forward

Exploration in Service of Life, Learning and Connection

The future of exploration will not be defined only by faster jets, cheaper flights or more distant planets. It will be defined by the quality of the humans who move and by the structures that guide how we travel, learn and relate.

A conscious exploration culture is one where journeys:

  • deepen our love for Earth instead of exhausting it,
  • increase our respect for differences instead of fear of others,
  • widen our knowledge instead of amplifying our bias,
  • strengthen our capacity for peace instead of feeding conflict,
  • and keep wonder, beauty and curiosity alive as the jewel of humanity.

The choice ahead is not between exploring or staying still. The choice is how to explore in ways that honour the generations before us, protect those who come after us and reveal the best of what it means to be human in motion.

The next era of exploration will be remembered not only by the distances we travelled, but by the depth of connection and responsibility we carried with us.

This interactive chapter is part of the Future of Humanity Report and is intended as a living document that will evolve as new questions, experiences and destinations emerge.

Many of these ideas were gathered during the Future of Humanity Experience in Basel 2025. You can find more information here: Future of Humanity at Basel 2025 and the Future of Humanity Report.